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Copyright © 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. and Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved.

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javax.microedition.io
Interface Datagram

All Superinterfaces:
DataInput, DataOutput

public interface Datagram
extends DataInput, DataOutput

This class defines an abstract interface for datagram packets. The implementations of this interface hold data to be sent or received from a DatagramConnection object.

Since this is an interface class, the internal structure of the datagram packets is not defined here. However, it is assumed that each implementation of this interface will provide the following fields / state variables (the actual implementation and the names of these fields may vary):

Reading and Writing

The Datagram interface extends interfaces DataInput and DataOutput in order to provide a simple way to read and write binary data in and out of the datagram buffer instead of using getData and setData methods. Writing automatically increments length and reading will continue while the read/write pointer is less than length. Before any writing is done reset must be called. If setData() is to be used when reading or writing, any value for the offset parameter other than 0 is not supported.

For example to write to datagram:

    datagram = connection.newDatagram(max);

    // Reset prepares the datagram for writing new message.
    datagram.reset();

    // writeUTF automatically increases the datagram length.
    datagram.writeUTF("hello world");

    connection.send(datagram);
 
For example to read from a datagram (single use only):
    datagram = connection.newDatagram(max);

    connection.receive(datagram);

    message = datagram.readUTF();
 
Reusing Datagrams

It should be noted the length above is returned from getLength and can have different meanings at different times. When sending length is the number of bytes to send. Before receiving length is the maximum number of bytes to receive. After receiving length is the number of bytes that were received. So when reusing a datagram to receive after sending or receiving, length must be set back to the maximum using setLength.

    datagram = connection.newDatagram(max);

    while (notDone) {

        // The last receive in the loop changed the length
        // so put it back to the maximum length.
        datagram.setLength(max);
        connection.receive(datagram);

        data = datagram.getData();
        bytesReceived = datagram.getLength();

        // process datagram ...
    }
 
When reading instead of using getData the reset method must be used.
    datagram = connection.newDatagram(max);

    while (notDone) {

        // The last read in the loop changed the read pointer
        // so reset the pointer.
        datagram.reset();
        datagram.setLength(max);
        connection.receive(datagram);

        message = datagram.readUTF(message);

        // process message ...
    }
 
For example to reread a datagram:
    connection.receive(datagram);

    message = datagram.readUTF(message);

    len = datagram.getLength();

    datagram.reset();

    datagram.setLength(len);

    copy = datagram.readUTF(message);
 

Since:
CLDC 1.0

Method Summary
 String getAddress()
          Get the address of the datagram.
 byte[] getData()
          Get the contents of the data buffer.
 int getLength()
          Get the length of the datagram.
 int getOffset()
          Get the offset.
 void reset()
          Zero the read/write pointer as well as the offset and length state variables.
 void setAddress(Datagram reference)
          Set datagram address, copying the address from another datagram.
 void setAddress(String addr)
          Set datagram address.
 void setData(byte[] buffer, int offset, int len)
          Set the buffer, offset and length state variables.
 void setLength(int len)
          Set the length state variable.
 
Methods inherited from interface java.io.DataInput
readBoolean, readByte, readChar, readDouble, readFloat, readFully, readFully, readInt, readLong, readShort, readUnsignedByte, readUnsignedShort, readUTF, skipBytes
 
Methods inherited from interface java.io.DataOutput
write, write, write, writeBoolean, writeByte, writeChar, writeChars, writeDouble, writeFloat, writeInt, writeLong, writeShort, writeUTF
 

Method Detail

getAddress

public String getAddress()
Get the address of the datagram.

Returns:
the address in string form, or null if no address was set
See Also:
setAddress(java.lang.String)

getData

public byte[] getData()
Get the contents of the data buffer.

Depending on the implementation, this operation may return the internal buffer or a copy of it. However, the user must not assume that the contents of the internal data buffer can be manipulated by modifying the data returned by this operation. Rather, the setData operation should be used for changing the contents of the internal buffer.

Returns:
the data buffer as a byte array
See Also:
setData(byte[], int, int)

getLength

public int getLength()
Get the length of the datagram.

Returns:
the length state variable
See Also:
setLength(int)

getOffset

public int getOffset()
Get the offset.

Returns:
the offset state variable

setAddress

public void setAddress(String addr)
                throws IOException
Set datagram address.

The actual addressing scheme is implementation-dependent. Please read the general comments on datagram addressing in DatagramConnection.java.

Note that if the address of a datagram is not specified, then it defaults to that of the connection.

Parameters:
addr - the new target address as a URL
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the address is not valid
IOException - if a some kind of I/O error occurs
See Also:
getAddress()

setAddress

public void setAddress(Datagram reference)
Set datagram address, copying the address from another datagram.

Parameters:
reference - to the datagram whose address will be copied as the new target address for this datagram.
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the address is not valid
See Also:
getAddress()

setLength

public void setLength(int len)
Set the length state variable.

Parameters:
len - the new length of the datagram
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the length or length plus offset fall outside the buffer
See Also:
getLength()

setData

public void setData(byte[] buffer,
                    int offset,
                    int len)
Set the buffer, offset and length state variables. Depending on the implementation, this operation may copy the buffer or just set the state variable buffer to the value of the buffer argument. However, the user must not assume that the contents of the internal data buffer can be manipulated by modifying the buffer passed on to this operation.

Parameters:
buffer - the data buffer
offset - the offset into the data buffer
len - the length of the data in the buffer
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the length or offset or offset plus length fall outside the buffer, or if the buffer parameter is invalid
See Also:
getData()

reset

public void reset()
Zero the read/write pointer as well as the offset and length state variables.


MID Profile

Copyright © 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc. and Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved. Use is subject to License Terms. Your use of this web site or any of its content or software indicates your agreement to be bound by these License Terms.

For more information, please consult the JSR 118 specification.